Liver Kidney Disease A Severe Form Of Hereditary Disease

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a severe form of hereditary disease which results from a monogenic disorder. The disease causes enlargement alongside with functional impairment. It results in clusters of cysts mainly within the kidneys. Cysts are noncancerous round sacs consisting of water like fluid which vary in size depending on its accumulating growth (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). This cystic disease consists of two forms, an autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) and an autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD). The purpose of this research paper is to increase chances of healthy babies born to couples whom both transmit a mutation of PKHD1 gene, wanting to have a child unaffected with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). A recessive mutation/disease is when the gene is inherited from both parents. This disease is of major interest due to the amount of individuals affected widely. Over 12.5 million individuals have PKD, with approximately 30% of affected children dying within th eir first year of life; making it a major source of morbidity and mortality concern (Miyazaki et al., 2015). ADPKD makes up to 96-98% of all cases, and ARPKD up to 2-5%. Although ADPKD is more harmful, the main focal point of this research paper is on autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Due to the abnormalities in the biliary plates it leads to congenital hepatic fibrosis in infants. Congenital hepatic fibrosis is the disease of the liver which is usually present from birth.Show MoreRelatedSymptoms and Treatments of Hemochromatosis756 Words   |  3 PagesHemochromatosis, also called iron overload, is a disease when the body absorbs too much iron from the food we eat and most often affects the liver, heart, pancreas, and skin. It is usually caused by genes in the body that mutate keeping them from working. 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Democratic Transition and Consolidation System †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Democratic Transition and Consolidation System. Answer: Introduction: All religions are equal. It is believed strongly by all the mmuslim clerics in this saying. They want the world to be a happy place. Being a Liberal Muslim Clerics, one is tolerant towards all regions and believe that there are some or the other kinds of hardships still going on around in different parts of the world. They embrace the Muslim religion but they are also of a very open-minded and try to keep a modern and liberal approach. As they are living in South East Asia they can very well see the atrocities that are being caused to people after the implementation of the Sharia law. A competitive democracy is something that allows all the individuals to use their voting rights freely. All the individuals will be given equal rights irrespective of their caste, social status, and religion. Indonesia has been chosen because there are still issues existing about the inclusion of the Islamic people in the process of voting. Many people were not registered as voters and so they could not vote. Many are of the opinion that Islam is no longer a major significant force in Indoneisa. The politics is really becoming very narrow. Many people fear that Muslims will become a minority. As a result of this the Sariah law has been adopted that will safeguard the interests of muslim people. Many clerics are a believer of the Sharia law but at the same time, they believe that the major concern of all religion including the Sharia Islamic religion must be to be compassionate towards people and promote equal rights for them (Hegland 2018). As the very beginning lines of the every Surah In the Quran, begins with the words in the name of the most merciful and the most compassionate, then It is my duty as a progressive or as a liberal Muslim to inculcate those qualities within myself and all the other fellow mates of my religion. Many liberal Muslim clerics are a follower of Sharia law like many others as there are some really very good aspects. The basic problem lies in the fact that people are not usually well acquainted with the exact tenets of the religious order and start using it in the wrong way. Sharia is a code of conduct that dictates the lives of each and every individual of the Islamic religion. It starts from how the Muslims must dress, how they must act in public and also in private. It also dictates the ways they interact with their friends and their colleagues. It governs the eating, dressing, fasting, praying and all the other normal activities of their lives. This religious order believes that each and every individual must lead their lives at every step by devoting themselves to the Almighty God or Allah. They embrace Sharia as it is a good and liberal, justified religious order. Being a Muslim cleric, they have studied the Sharia law in details and know what it actually means. Sharia is an Arabic word that implies a route to be followed and it is a road that leads to water. As water is the sustenance of life so Sharia is a particular road that will lead people to God. It is a purely religious path of making man attain Godliness (Mller 2016). Water is one of the basic necessities of human life and so is the blessing of Allah. It basically signifies the Halakhah, which is a path which is a path that one walks. Being a religious leader they always try to practice what they preach. They want the Sharia followers to know the actual meaning of this religious order and then try to follow them accordingly. They believe that it is essential for all the Muslims to follow this particular religious order as it dictates the overall routine of the life of the individuals (Griffith News 2018). One of the most important and the foremost things that the liberal muslim clerics follow are the five basic things of life that Sharia law mainly aims at protecting. They are life, honor, learning, property, and family. It is the act of saving and guarding these activities will surely require some strict laws that need to be followed. Many Muslim clerics have witnessed that some places in South East Asia have started following the Sharia law. One such province is Aceh. In Aceh, it was implemented in three phases. The first phase mainly tried imposing laws like paying fines and penalties for not following the Ramadan, the regular visit to Mosques, their prayers. The second phase had continued with the same and the third phase mainly talked about applying death penalties to those who were convicted of crimes like homosexuality, sex outside marriage, rape and other such cases. So, being Muslim clerics, one with liberal bent of mind had to be a part of the group that was helping in spreading these Sharia principles but they did snot somehow like some of these principles. As the muslim clerics are of a liberal and open mindset they cannot really withstand seeing the rights and the freedom of people being curbed only by the false name of religion (Rabasa 2014). Religion does not say that man has to be tied in chains. Re ligion must not really dictate on whom a person must love or marry. There are decisions that people must always be free to make on their own. As per this Sharia law, there has to be a strict ban on the drinking of alcohol. Strict punishments are to be given to people who consume alcohol. However, this must not be the case (Theaustralian.com.au 2018). Drinking alcohol has now become a part of life. People living in the 21st century have to live their lives as per the modern and accepted standards of living. Religion must not really interfere in the personal lives of the people. People often drink alcohol due to some sort of refreshments. Unless they are getting drunk to extreme levels, there must not be any ban or any restrictions on consumption of alcohol. There can, however, be some punishments for those people who get drunk to extreme limits and lose their self-control. If there are cases where people have committed crimes like hitting each other or abusing people after getting dr unk then there have to be some of the other penalties imposed on those people. There has been a situation where some people were sentenced to jail and also to whipping with lashes after they were found guilty of drinking alcohol. Sentencing people to jail for consumption of alcohol must not be the case. It has been reported that after the Sharia law was imposed in Aceh, fifteen men were beaten up mercilessly in front of a mosque for gambling (Church 2017). This is something that many liberal clerics could not really agree with. Being a clerical do not entertain the act of gambling but beating people so mercilessly in public front is not the best solution always. Liberal Muslim clerics think that people who have a habit of gambling must be arrested by the police and then they should be explained that they must not carry on this act of gambling. His only lead them to ruin. We have to remember that Sharia wants to govern the lives of Muslims so that they lead an organized life and they can slowly reach God through their activities. So, if they are beaten up in an open place in front of all people, then this might hurt their self-respect and might also enrage them. Rather than checking themselves from this activity of gambling, they might retire it even more. There are cases where a person who was convicted of gambling was sentenced to a punishment of getting 80 strokes as a punishment. Apart from this Sharia law is often harsh on women than men. So, Muslim clerics believe that there has to be a constitution that will be able to amalgamate the Sharia law and the democratic rights of individuals in a way that would be very beneficial for all people. So, there have to be some tenets that will not breed violence but justice (Miaari et al. 2018). People found drinking in any social gatherings or in any official friendly outing must not be subjected to harsh extreme punishments like getting beaten up publically. Punishments are to be used only when people drink in uncontrollable amounts and behave in an insane manner that harms the social decorum. People drinking in and around the drinking prohibited areas like mosques, schools, and the localities must be subjected to punishments. However, the nature of the punishments must not be too harsh. There can be some monetary penalties or fines. In extreme cases, those found guilty can be imprisoned for a certain time period (Ethier 2016). However the motif the law is good it thinks that alcohol drinking has to be banned so that people can abstain from all sorts of addictions and stay fit and healthy. The method of implementing this law has to be good and in a proper manner. Sharia law must be implemented to protect women from all minds of harms and not for bounding them in chains. They must not be kept confined within their houses. They must be given proper rights to study and to choose their dresses and their life partners as per their choice. So, women must not be arrested for wearing trousers in place of hijabs. There must surely be this rule that women will be wearing hijabs while they are going to any religious ceremonies. However, there must be no strict rules imposed on them to wear some particular kinds of clothes that are accepted by the religion or by the Sharia society. There have been many instances where Sharia law said that a man can keep multiple wives but a woman has to lead a very organized and strict life with only one husband, even if they know that the husband is dishonest and is torturing them. The law must be flexible enough for the women as well. There must be this flexibility allowed for both the husband and the wife to get a div orce from each other and remarry the partners of their choice (Means 2017). There must be laws implemented for men who think that their wives are their properties and they can handle their wives just the way they want. There have to be laws against the domestic violence. Husband trying to follow polygamy have to be punished and they are to abide by the code of law. They are to be sentenced to life imprisonment or they will have to pay the lifelong expenses of all the women that he has married. He can keep only one wife at a time and has to follow the legal procedure for a divorce. Extramarital affairs cannot be entertained. If one partner registers a complaint against the other, the police have to investigate the matter and then make sure that the one who wants to come out of the marriage has a valid reason for it. If the husband enters into any extramarital affairs by ditching his wife he has to pay a huge sum of money as a penalty and also has to make sure that they are paying the ransom or the security money that the wife claims. He also has to pay for the educational and other expenses of his children if any (ucanews.com 2018). Sharia law cannot dictate the sex life or the conjugal life of people. Aceh are free countries and people must be able to lead their lives as free and independent individuals. However, there had to be a law regarding the minimum age bar for both a girl and a boy getting married. They can get married and lead a normal conjugal life after becoming adults and after reaching a certain age. However, if some teenagers are caught having some intimate moments with their partners in any closed rooms, they must not be subjected to extreme punishments like lashes or whipping in public. However, they must be taken under arrest and explained this entire matter by any adult members with patience. They must be dealt with care and understanding and not by physical violence (HuffPost India 2018). However this ban on engaging into sexual intercourse is also required in some places because the adolescent individuals are often very desperate and they lack the quality of judging skeptically what is wrong or what is right for them. So, if there is a strict law then they will be checked from committing any blunders at an early age. Homosexuality has to be recognized by Sharia law. It must not be seen as a crime. If Sharia is aimed at uniting man with God then, man cannot be tortured because of his sexual orientation. If a man has been created by God or Allah, then sexual orientation is also something that has been made by God. If people are not blind towards science and biology then they must at least keep faith in God and believe that homosexual people are normal human beings just like all others. Staying with a partner of the same sex does not make a person a criminal. Crimes like rape and murder must be treated very carefully. If the victim is killed in this act then the guilty must be subjected to a dealt penalty. No one has the right to hurt and kill other lives that have been created by God (Acharya 2014). Theft is also a crime and needs to be checked at the root levels itself. However, there has to be a proper investigation. Shariah law sees theft as a serious crime and dictates huge punishment for the same. This is indeed a good practice because theft makes people lazy and people actually develop into serious murderers and criminals from small crimes like theft. If it is not checked strictly right at the grassroots level, then people will not fear the law and will freely continue committing such crimes. A child might be very poor and hungry for days. So, he might steal food from a shop. In such cases, he must not be whipped publically. People must show affection and not anger. That child must be given food immediately and must be taken proper care of. However, if some young boys are stealing money or jewelry from any houses or from passengers on street, then they must be arrested and sentenced to imprisonment. There must be a proper trial for each and every case (Ethier 2016). Thereby, It is believed that the Sharia law is good and has a positive motif. It mainly tries to make man lead a healthy life free of all sins. This law wants man to abide by the rules that would prevent him from going onto any wrong paths like that of addiction and theft. However the methods of implementing the laws have to be changed. People must be given a free and healthy life. They must be made to abide by the laws through a changed vision and affection and not violence. It has to be implemented in such a way that the democratic rights and the freedom of people are not hindered. This law must promote the freedom and the equal rights for people rather than tying them in chains. References Acharya, A., 2014.Constructing a security community in Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the problem of regional order. Routledge. Americanthinker.com. 2018.Top ten reasons why sharia is bad for all societies. [online] Available at: https://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2005/08/top_ten_reasons_why_sharia_is.html [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018]. Chin, J., 2016. Malaysia: Heading for Sharia Domination?.The Round Table,105(6), pp.737-739. Church, P., 2017.A short history of South-East Asia. John Wiley Sons. Ethier, D. ed., 2016.Democratic Transition and Consolidation in Southern Europe, Latin America and Southeast Asia. Springer. Formichi, C. and Feener, R.M. eds., 2015.Shi?ism in Southeast Asia: ?Alid Piety and Sectarian Constructions. Oxford University Press. Griffith News. 2018.The troubling reality of Southeast Asias democratic recession. [online] Available at: https://app.secure.griffith.edu.au/news/2017/12/07/the-troubling-reality-of-southeast-asias-democratic-recession/ [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018]. Hegland, M.E., 2018. Gender and religion in the Middle East and South Asia: Womens voices rising. InA social History of Women and Gender in the Modern Middle East(pp. 177-212). Routledge. HuffPost India. 2018.5 Things You Need To Know About Sharia Law. [online] Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/5-facts-you-need-to-know-about-sharia-law_us_5788f567e4b03fc3ee507c01 [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018]. McGee, R.W., 2016. Do Views toward Homosexuality Differ based on Income Level? An Empirical Study of United States Opinion. Means, G.P., 2017. The role of Islam in the political development of Malaysia. InReligions and Missionaries around the Pacific, 15001900(pp. 11-31). Routledge. Metcalf, B.D., 2016. Islam in contemporary Southeast Asia: history, community, morality.Defining Islam: A Reader. Miaari, S., Khattab, N. and Johnston, R., 2018. Religion and ethnicity at work: a study of British Muslim womens labour market performance.Quality Quantity, pp.1-29. Mller, D.M., 2016. Paradoxical normativities in Acehi Darussalam and Malaysia: Islamic law and the ASEAN human rights declaration.Asian Survey,56(3), pp.415-441. Rabasa, A., 2014.Political Islam in Southeast Asia: Moderates, Radical and Terrorists(No. 358). Routledge. Theaustralian.com.au. 2018.Subscribe to The Australian | Newspaper home delivery, website, iPad, iPhone Android apps. [online] Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/what-exactly-is-sharia-law/news-story/4e3c627f248841b46d465b4c79dec59a [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018]. ucanews.com. 2018.Where is Shariah law enforced in Southeast Asia? - ucanews.com. [online] Available at: https://www.ucanews.com/news/where-is-shariah-law-enforced-in-southeast-asia/77399 [Accessed 3 Apr. 2018].

Graduation Speech Essays (424 words) - , Term Papers

Graduation Speech Greetings Class of 2017. We did it. We are finally graduating. We have only arrived here 3 years ago and now it is already time to leave. It has been long 3 years and a short for years. Long because of all the homework, tiring projects, boring readings, difficult tests and waking up early in the morning. Short because of the lifelong friendships, the lasting memories, and the truly interesting and amazing things weve learned. Good or bad, long or short. I will always remember this place. I remember being a freshman and thinking how long high school would be, but the thing is I remember thinking about that as if it was last week. Can you believe it? 3 years ago, we were the freshmen, figuring out how high school works, looking clueless to all upper classmen. And now we are the upper classmen. The seniors who stand here ready to graduate and move forward to the world. Whats next? I will be going to college, as will many of my classmates. Others may get right to work, or even take a year more off to decide what they want to do. We dont know what the world has in store for any of us. I do know Ill deal with those life events though, by using the skills and information Ive received here. Ive got plenty of people to thank for especially God, my parents, teachers and friends. What I learned in high school is to lean on others when needed. Theres another more important side to that idea as well, and its the one piece of advice Id like to give you as we get ready to cross this stage for the last time. Make sure youre around when other people need someone to lean on. Theyll thank you for it. They might even mention you in his or her valedictorian speech! Before I end this speech, I want to wish each and every one of you success in whatever you choose to pursue. I will not likely to see many of the people at my graduation again. I cant wait to work with class of 2017 graduates one day. I know that even though others dont believe so. I know that we are going to do great things and I couldnt be more thrilled. So, class of 2017, lets make the best of it, and lets start all over again. Its a brave new world out there and if anyone can make the best of it, we can.

How to Solve an undefined local variable Ruby Error

How to Solve an undefined local variable Ruby Error In  Ruby, you dont have to declare variables, but you do have to assign something to them before they can be referred to. If youre referring to a local variable that doesnt yet exist, you may see one of two errors. Ruby NameError Messages NameError: undefined local variable or method a for # NameError: undefined local variable or method a for main:Object Note:  There might be various identifiers in place of  a  above. This is an example where the code will generate the Ruby NameError message since the variable  a  hasnt yet been assigned to anything: puts a How to Fix the Error Variables must be assigned before they can be used. So, using the example from above, fixing the error is as simple as doing this: a 10 puts a Why Youre Getting This Error The obvious answer is that youre referring to a variable that hasnt yet been created. This is most often due to a typo but may happen when refactoring code and renaming variables. You might also see the  NameError: undefined local variable Ruby error if you intended to enter a string. Strings are understood when they exist between quotes. If you didnt use quotes, Ruby will think you meant to reference a method or variable (that doesnt exist) and throw the error. So, look back over your code to see what this variable is supposed to be referring to, and fix it. You may also want to search for other instances of the same variable name in the same method - if its wrong in one place, it may be wrong in others.

LIbrary Research Assignment Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LIbrary Assignment - Research Paper Example This post aims to analyze the informative article by Spencer in detail and analyze its contribution towards providing a better understanding of global warming issues. The author claims that global warming is a fact which cannot be ignored and which needs to be addressed properly. Author has strongly emphasized on the need of human beings to control the global warming by new technologies and prevention strategies. However, author challenges the claims of politicians and media that this issue has been settled. The basic idea of the author is not to describe global warming as just another consequence of men’s activities but rather taking the natural processes that are causing an increase in global warming (Wood, 2005). The author also aims to draw the attention of authorities and governments to the fact that punishing the use of fossil fuels and other expensive policy measures may only be adopted by wealthier countries and will remain ineffective for the poor or developing countr ies. Hence, Spencer calls for policies and interventions which will be helpful to all the countries equally and may save the Earth as a part of Earth cannot be saved by adopting policies against the disastrous effects of global warming. The author describes the concept of global warming as a fact rather than a myth. This supports the opinion that global warming exists and is controllable (to some extent) by managing the technological use, fuels and human activities. The scientific facts discussed are of great importance as the natural greenhouse effect, the natural radiative imbalances, evaporation, and precipitation and so on (Philander, 2000). The article is undoubtedly in line with the thesis statement that â€Å"global warming is a fact not myth.† The evidences provided by the writer on the scientific processes and climate change are the evidence of this statement. Moreover, the discussions on human activities that are leading to global warming

Prevention of Financial Frauds Research Proposal

Prevention of Financial Frauds - Research Proposal Example Various strategic practice models for financial fraud prevention have been proposed in the recent years and some of them are discussed in this proposal. 1. Introduction: Financial frauds are widely perceived to be various deliberately made criminal acts seriously violating the civil law while based on financial transactions and meant to attain myriad personal benefits. For the past many years, research reports have been illuminating that the need to combat financial frauds has become increasingly important and inevitable concerning its widespread proliferation and the immense threat it poses to the older citizens especially, though this criminal issue largely involves people of all ages as well. From frauds planned on a large-scale and committed to weaken the roots of the national economy to small-scale financial frauds like fake lotteries and work at home plots, this criminal issue has largely succeeded in building many holes in the net of financial security which was once strong an d meant to preserve the public protective. 2. Research review: A layered security approach and effective tools are required to handle this dramatic emergency of felonious financial frauds and by controlling who first receives sensitive documents like bank statements, small organizations can prevent financial fraud occurrence (CBIA News, 2007). Expert policy-makers and researchers at (Research Centre on the Prevention of Financial Fraud, 2009) proposed a three-fold strategy to prevent the financial fraud proliferation around the globe. Consolidating information in an attempt to compile the fraud research for providing a disciplinary support to the policy-makers can help in preventing huge losses based on billions of dollars and occurring every year as a result of financial frauds. Secondly, effective anti-fraud messaging delivered via electronic medium can help in connecting research to policy. Funding is also important to protect the fraud victims and finance research for financial fraud prevention. People in many cases remain unaware that they have become the victims of financial frauds because such frauds are often operated on the legal fringes by skillful scammers or business professionals (Button, Lewis, & Tapley, 2009). According to the research report published by (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2010), most of the financial frauds mimic legitimate courses so that the victims remain satisfied and do not think about pointing out at the fraudsters who are white-collar criminals. â€Å"An unscrupulous investment broker may present clients with an opportunity to purchase shares in precious metal repositories, for example. His status as a professional investor gives him credibility.† (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2010). Tracking such quack business professionals who have a tendency to rob the innocent citizens by presenting fake investment opportunities to them with the help of ontology technology can also help in preventing and detecting financial frauds. â€Å"A fra ud forensic ontology is being developed from laws, regulations, and cases about illegal solicitation of financial products on the web.†Ã‚  

Unemployment And Its Effect Essay Example for Free

Unemployment And Its Effect Essay Unemployment has always been considered the single most serious individual, social and economic problem since the emergence of industrialization and specialization of work. The ability to work and earn is considered as one of the fundamental cornerstone of any functional society. However, when people who can work are deprived of it and are forced to waste their otherwise productive time that could have invested in their own material l prosperity while adding value to the nation. It has also various personal, moral and ethical dimensions associated with it that plays pivotal role in determining the well-being and prosperity of individuals, family, society and ultimately the entire nation. The combined effect of all of these factors is that unemployment has become the most studied phenomena in modern social and economic studies. The unemployment situation At present the unemployment rate in U. S is close to 4. 4 percent of the working population, which implies that a staggering 6. 7 million people stand unemployed (Employment situation summary, 2007). The social and economic effect of such large number of people being jobless is worrisome for the overall health of the economy. It implies that millions of working hour wasted every day, aggregate loss of hundreds of millions of dollars per day, greater stress on families and individuals, rise in poverty, unequal distribution of wealth, decline in health standards of the unemployed people and their dependents, rise in criminal activities and drug dependency, suicide related instances and increased stress on government social security programs which further translates in constraints on economy and society. Persistent situation of unemployment causes people to loose their self-esteem, position and status in society, pushing them to social margins where they become depressed, alienated and feel redundant. Unemployment also decreases the working potential of unemployed people, so that when they try to return to mainstream their capacity to work and perform is substantially reduced and their skill set lost or obsolete. Types of Unemployment There are following major types of unemployment seen in the labor market (Krugman, 1994). 1. Frictional unemployment- The period of unemployment when people are switching from one job to another. 2. Cyclical unemployment – When the demand of labor in market periodically shrinks and grows due to recession in business 3. Structural unemployment- This type of unemployment is caused when the profile of job seeker and job are mismatched causing stress for the employee and the employer 4. Technological unemployment Perhaps the oldest kind of unemployment which happens due to people being replaced by new machines and technologies 5. Classical unemployment When market undervalues the labor. 6. Seasonal unemployment – Unemployment in those job sectors that are seasonal such as tourism, construction, and sports and game professions. Issue of high and low unemployment Although persistent and high level of unemployment is debilitating, a certain level of low unemployment is considered good for economic growth as it creates incentives for economic growth and contribute to long-term stability and security in job market (Bernstein, Mishel, Schmitt, 2001). Low unemployment rate is an strong indicator of prospering economic conditions and give greater bargaining power in the hands of workers, where they are able to negotiate with employers on better pay-scales and facilities. On the other hand, high rates of unemployment are typically result of economic recession. The business is not in state to supply adequate number of jobs, and workers are put at serious disadvantage in terms of selection of jobs, wages, and security, creating a situation of continuous strain. Bernstien. J, Mishel L. Schmitt, J. . 2001. The State of Working America, 2000-2001: ILR Press: Ithaca, NY. Employment situation summary. 2007. Bureau of Labor Statistics. United States Department of Labor. Retrieved from web on 17. 04. 2007. http://www. bls. gov/news. release/empsit. nr0. htm Krugman, P. 1994. Past and Prospective Causes of High Unemployment. Retrieved from web on 17. 04. 2007. http://www. kc. frb. org/PUBLICAT/ECONREV/PDF/4q94krug. pdf